在焦化行業中，發電機如同穩定生產的 “電力心臟”，而電壓穩定則是這顆心臟健康跳動的關鍵指標。一旦電壓出現波動，不僅會影響焦化生產設備的正常運行，還可能引發用電設備損壞等連鎖反應。想要讓焦化發電機輸出的電壓保持正常，需要從設備選型、運行調控到維護管理多管齊下，構建起全方位的保障體系。

　　In the coking industry, generators are like the "power heart" for stable production, and voltage stability is a key indicator for the healthy beating of this heart. Once the voltage fluctuates, it will not only affect the normal operation of coking production equipment, but may also cause chain reactions such as damage to electrical equipment. To maintain the normal output voltage of coking generators, it is necessary to build a comprehensive guarantee system from equipment selection, operation regulation to maintenance management.

　　精準選型：為電壓穩定奠定基礎

　　Accurate selection: laying the foundation for voltage stability

　　發電機的選型是保障電壓穩定的第一步。在焦化廠復雜的用電環境下，應優先選擇調壓性能優異的機型。具備自動調壓功能的發電機，內置的自動電壓調節器（AVR）能實時監測輸出電壓，并根據負載變化自動調整勵磁電流。當負載增加導致電壓下降時，AVR 迅速加大勵磁電流，提升發電機的感應電動勢，從而使電壓回升；反之，負載減少時，AVR 則降低勵磁電流，防止電壓過高。此外，選擇合適容量的發電機也至關重要。若發電機容量過小，在焦化設備滿負荷運行時，會因過載導致電壓大幅跌落；容量過大則會造成資源浪費，且空載時易出現電壓偏高的情況。需根據焦化廠內設備的總功率、啟動電流等參數，合理計算并選擇匹配的發電機容量，為電壓穩定運行筑牢根基。

　　The selection of generators is the first step in ensuring voltage stability. In the complex electrical environment of coking plants, priority should be given to selecting models with excellent voltage regulation performance. A generator with automatic voltage regulation function has a built-in automatic voltage regulator (AVR) that can monitor the output voltage in real time and automatically adjust the excitation current according to load changes. When the load increases and the voltage drops, the AVR quickly increases the excitation current, enhances the induced electromotive force of the generator, and thus causes the voltage to rise again; On the contrary, when the load decreases, the AVR reduces the excitation current to prevent excessive voltage. In addition, selecting a generator of appropriate capacity is also crucial. If the capacity of the generator is too small, during full load operation of the coking equipment, the voltage will drop significantly due to overload; If the capacity is too large, it will cause resource waste, and it is easy to have high voltage when unloaded. It is necessary to reasonably calculate and select the matching generator capacity based on the total power, starting current and other parameters of the equipment in the coking plant, in order to lay a solid foundation for stable voltage operation.

　　智能調控：動態應對電壓波動

　　Intelligent regulation: dynamically responding to voltage fluctuations

　　在發電機運行過程中，通過智能調控手段實時應對電壓變化。一方面，優化負載分配策略。焦化廠內各類設備的啟動和運行具有不同的用電特性，可利用智能配電系統，將大功率設備的啟動時間錯開，避免集中啟動造成瞬間電流激增、電壓驟降。同時，根據設備的優先級和重要程度，合理分配電力資源，優先保障關鍵生產設備的穩定供電。另一方面，借助先進的監測系統實時采集發電機的電壓、電流、頻率等運行參數，并通過數據分析模型預測電壓變化趨勢。一旦監測到電壓偏離正常范圍，系統立即發出預警，并自動調整發電機的運行參數，如調節原動機轉速、優化勵磁系統控制策略等，實現電壓的快速恢復與穩定。

　　During the operation of the generator, real-time response to voltage changes is achieved through intelligent control measures. On the one hand, optimize the load distribution strategy. The start-up and operation of various equipment in the coking plant have different electrical characteristics. The intelligent power distribution system can be used to stagger the start-up time of high-power equipment, avoiding sudden current surges and voltage drops caused by centralized start-up. Meanwhile, based on the priority and importance of the equipment, allocate power resources reasonably and prioritize ensuring stable power supply for key production equipment. On the other hand, advanced monitoring systems are used to collect real-time operating parameters such as voltage, current, and frequency of the generator, and to predict voltage trends through data analysis models. Once the voltage deviates from the normal range, the system immediately issues a warning and automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the generator, such as adjusting the prime mover speed, optimizing the excitation system control strategy, etc., to achieve rapid voltage recovery and stability.

　　維護管理：守護電壓穩定的防線

　　Maintenance management: a defense line to safeguard voltage stability

　　日常維護管理是確保發電機電壓穩定的重要保障。定期檢查發電機的勵磁系統，確保勵磁繞組、碳刷等部件接觸良好，無磨損、老化或松動現象。因為勵磁系統故障是導致電壓不穩定的常見原因之一，若碳刷磨損嚴重或接觸不良，會影響勵磁電流的穩定傳輸，進而造成電壓波動。同時，對發電機的電壓調節器進行校準和調試，定期檢查其各項參數設置是否準確，確保在不同工況下都能正常工作。此外，保持發電機的清潔也不容忽視，焦化廠環境中粉塵、焦炭顆粒較多，這些雜質若進入發電機內部，可能會影響繞組絕緣性能和散熱效果，進而引發電壓異常。需定期清理發電機外殼及內部積塵，做好防潮、防腐措施，為發電機創造良好的運行環境。

　　Daily maintenance management is an important guarantee for ensuring the stability of generator voltage. Regularly inspect the excitation system of the generator to ensure that the excitation winding, carbon brushes, and other components are in good contact and free from wear, aging, or looseness. Because excitation system failure is one of the common causes of voltage instability, severe wear or poor contact of carbon brushes can affect the stable transmission of excitation current, leading to voltage fluctuations. At the same time, calibrate and debug the voltage regulator of the generator, regularly check whether its various parameter settings are accurate, and ensure that it can work normally under different working conditions. In addition, maintaining the cleanliness of the generator cannot be ignored. There are many dust and coke particles in the coking plant environment. If these impurities enter the interior of the generator, they may affect the insulation performance and heat dissipation effect of the winding, thereby causing voltage abnormalities. Regular cleaning of the generator casing and internal dust accumulation is required, and moisture-proof and anti-corrosion measures should be taken to create a good operating environment for the generator.

　　應急處理：快速化解電壓危機

　　Emergency response: Quickly resolve voltage crisis

　　即便采取了全面的預防措施，電壓異常情況仍可能因突發因素而發生。因此，制定完善的應急處理預案至關重要。當出現電壓驟降或驟升時，操作人員應迅速判斷故障原因。若是外部電網波動導致，可啟用備用電源或穩壓器，維持關鍵設備的臨時供電；若是發電機自身故障，立即按照操作規程停機檢查，排查勵磁系統、電壓調節器、繞組等部件，及時修復或更換損壞元件。同時，建立故障記錄和分析機制，每次電壓異常事件處理完畢后，對故障原因、處理過程進行詳細記錄和分析總結，以便后續針對性地改進維護管理措施，提升發電機電壓的穩定性和可靠性。

　　Even with comprehensive preventive measures taken, voltage anomalies may still occur due to unforeseen factors. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive emergency response plan. When there is a sudden drop or rise in voltage, the operator should quickly determine the cause of the fault. If caused by external power grid fluctuations, backup power sources or voltage regulators can be activated to maintain temporary power supply for critical equipment; If the generator itself malfunctions, immediately shut down and inspect according to the operating procedures, check the excitation system, voltage regulator, winding and other components, and promptly repair or replace damaged components. At the same time, establish a fault recording and analysis mechanism. After each abnormal voltage event is handled, detailed records and analysis summaries of the fault cause and handling process should be made in order to improve maintenance management measures and enhance the stability and reliability of the generator voltage in the future.

　　在焦化生產的電力保障中，維持發電機電壓正常是一項系統工程。從前期的精準選型、運行中的智能調控，到日常維護管理與應急處理，每個環節都緊密相連。只有做好每一個細節，才能讓焦化發電機的電壓如同定海神針般穩定，為焦化生產的安全、高效運行提供堅實的電力支撐。

　　Maintaining normal generator voltage is a systematic project in the power guarantee of coking production. From precise selection in the early stage, intelligent control during operation, to daily maintenance management and emergency response, every link is closely connected. Only by paying attention to every detail can the voltage of coking generators be as stable as a sea needle, providing solid electrical support for the safe and efficient operation of coking production.

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